After the destruction of Balhae by the Khitans in 926, Balhae's last crown prince and much of its ruling class sought refuge in Goryeo, where they were warmly welcomed and included into the ruling family by Wang Geon, thus uniting the two successor nations of Goguryeo. However, he was too free-spirited and did not take well to the progra… In 913, he was appointed as prime minister of the newly renamed Taebong. [2] His ancestors were Goguryeo refugees who settled around Songak, accumulating great wealth through maritime trade and gaining control of the region, including the Ryesong River. He was succeeded by Wang Geon in 918 CE who probably had a hand in his predecessor's assassination. Rebellions from the peasantry and the aristocracy were rife, and there followed a period of political turmoil referred to as the Later Three Kingdoms period (889-935). However, Goryeo quickly recovered from defeat and successfully defended Hubaekje's attack on its front. The third of the royal couple's four sons, Sejong impressed all of his family with his wisdom and curiosity. One of his first acts as king was to abolish the privilege enjoyed by the upper echel… [3] During the Later Silla period, the northern regions, including Songak, were the strongholds of Goguryeo refugees,[4][5] and Wang Geon's hometown of Songak would become the original capital of Later Goguryeo in 901.[6]. – 7 July 996) (고려 안종), Queen Jeongdeok of the Jeongju Ryu clan (정덕왕후 류씨), daughter of Ryu Deok-Young (류덕영), Queen Munhye of the Jeongju Ryu clan (문혜왕후 유씨), Queen Seonui of the Jeongju Ryu clan (선의왕후 유씨), Grand Lady Heonmok of the Pyeong clan (헌목대부인 평씨), daughter of Pyeong Joon (평준), Lady Jeongmok of the Wang clan (정목부인 왕씨), daughter of Wang Gyeong (왕경), Lady Dongyangwon of the Pyeongsan Yu clan (동양원부인 유씨), daughter of Yu Geum-Pil (유금필), Lady Sukmok of the Myeong clan (숙목부인 명씨), daughter of Myeong Pil (명필), Lady Cheonanbuwon of the Im clan (천안부원부인 임씨), daughter of Im Eon (임언), Lady Heungbokwon of the Hongju Hong clan (흥복원부인 홍씨), daughter of Hong Gyu (홍규), Lady Daeryangwon of the Hapcheon Lee clan (대량원부인 이씨), daughter of Lee Jeong-Eon (이정언), Lady Hudaeryangwon of the Lee clan (후대량원부인 이씨), daughter of Lee Won (이원), Lady Daemyeongjuwon of the Wang clan (대명주원부인 왕씨), daughter of Wang Ye (왕예), Lady Sogwangjuwon of the Yanggeun Ham clan (소광주원부인 함씨), daughter of Ham Gyu / Wang Gyu (함규 / 왕규), Wang Eun, Prince Gwangju (? Wang was busy in the south, too, as there he conquered the island of Tamna (Cheju). Background. Hyejong of Goryeo was the second King of Goryeo. He was preceded by King Taejo and succeeded by Jeongjong, 3rd Monarch of Goryeo. Reign. Please support World History Encyclopedia Foundation. World History Encyclopedia is a non-profit organization. Singeom fought against Taejo, but facing much disadvantage and inner conflict, he surrendered to Taejo. As noted elsewhere in this article, the modern name of "Korea" is derived from the name "Goryeo," which itself is derived from "Goguryeo," to whose heritage (and by extension, territory) Wang Geon and his new kingdom laid claim. Wang Geon followed his father into service under Gung Ye, the future leader of Taebong, and he began his service under Gungye's command. King Taejo named his new unified kingdom Goryeo, meaning 'High & beautiful'. Gung Ye was assisted by his first minister and general Wang Geon, the son of a wealthy merchant and local headman at Gaeseong in the Silla kingdom. In 895, Gung Ye led his forces into the far northwestern part of Silla, where Songdo was located. In 903, he led a famous naval campaign against the southwestern coastline of Hubaekje (Keumsung, later Naju), while Gyeon Hwon was at war against Silla. Pyongyang was also given a greater importance to act as a deterrent for further incursions. World History Encyclopedia, 07 Nov 2016. Taejo's father, Wang Yung (later Sejo of Goryeo), along with many local clans, quickly surrendered to Gung Ye. His dynasty would oversee an unprecedented flourishing of Korean culture, and its name is the origin of modern Korea's English … Meanwhile, an aristocratic Buddhist monk leader, Gung Ye declared a new Goguryeo state in the north in 901 CE, known as Later Goguryeo. Wang Geon was given the posthumous title of Taejo meaning 'Great Founder.' Related Content Refugees fled from Balhae (Parhae), the northern Manchurian state, to Goryeo at this time following its collapse in 926 CE at the hands of the Khitan. – 945) (광주원군), Lady Dongsanwon of the Suncheon Park clan (동산원부인 박씨), daughter of Park Young-Gyu (박영규), Lady Yehwa of the Haeju Wang clan (예화부인 왕씨), daughter of Wang Yu (왕유), Lady Daeseowon of the Dongju Kim clan (대서원부인 김씨), daughter of Kim Haeng-Pa (김행파), Lady Soseowon of the Dongju Kim clan (소서원부인 김씨), daughter of Kim Haeng-Pa (김행파), Lady Shinjuwon of the Kang clan (신주원부인 강씨), daughter of Kang Gi-Ju (강기주), Lady Wolhwawon (월화원부인), daughter of Yang Yeong-Jang (양영장), Lady Seongmu of the Pyeongsan Park clan (성무부인 박씨), daughter of Park Ji-Yoon (박지윤), Lady Uiseongbuwon of the Uiseong Hong clan (의성부원부인 홍씨), daughter of Hong Yu (홍유), Lady Wolgyeongwon of the Pyeongsan Park clan (월경원부인 박씨), daughter of Park Soo-Moon (박수문), Lady Mongryangwon of the Pyeongsan Park clan(몽량원부인 박씨), daughter of Park Soo-Kyung (박수경), Lady Haeryangwon of the Seon clan (해량원부인 선씨), daughter of Seon Pil (선필), Portrayed by Kim Myeong-jin in the 1970 film, This page was last edited on 13 March 2021, at 19:04. Map of the Goryeo Empire (11th century CE), by Korean Culture & Information Service (CC BY-SA). Taejo (r. 918-943 CE), previously known as Wang Geon or Wang Kon, was the founder and first king of the Goryeo (Koryo) kingdom which unified and ruled ancient Korea from 918 CE to 1392 CE. After Emperor An of Han decided not to initiate another battle with Goguryeo, Chadae settled peace with Han Dynasty in the following year. Sejong was born under the name Yi Do to King Taejong and Queen Wongyeong of Joseon on May 7, 1397. There then followed a power struggle for control of the peninsula. Taejo's wife upon ascension to the throne, Queen Sindeok, had two sons as well. Thank you! Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Our mission is to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Its king, Gung Ye, whose leadership helped found the kingdom but who began to refer to himself as the Buddha, began to persecute people who expressed their opposition against his religious arguments. Directed by Sang-hoon Ahn. Concerned that he would one day be the victim of an uprising like his predecessor, Wang married into several elite families and clans, a strategy which resulted in the new king eventually acquiring six queens and 23 consorts. He executed many monks, then later even his own wife and two sons, and the public began to turn away from him. Aghast at the fact that his sons were willing to kill each other for the crown, and psychologically exhausted from the death of his second wife, King Taejo immediately crowned his second son Yi Bang-gwa, later King Jeongjong, as the new ruler. World History Encyclopedia. Do not give them major appointments or marry them into the royal family. His younger brother (Taejo’s 5th son and future King Taejong) was still determined to be king and had started to kill anyone in his way. His special interests include pottery, architecture, world mythology and discovering the ideas that all civilizations share in common. By the late 14th century, the 400 year-old Goryeo Dynasty established by Wang Geon in 918 was tottering, its foundations collapsing from years of war and de facto occupation by the disintegrating Mongol Empire. Maintain the Palgwan-hoe and Yondung-hoe festivals. In the beginning of Taejong's reign, the Grand King Former, Taejo, refused to relinquish the royal seal that signified the legitimacy of any king's rule. During the early Goryeo dynasty, the title of crown prince (hanja: 太子) was only a peerage title for sons of the king; a separate title existed for the heir apparent (hanja: 正尹). Early Strife King Taejo had two wives, and he had sons by both. The public favored him due to his leadership and generosity. We must therefore build temples for both Son and Kyo Schools and appoint abbots to them, that they may perform the proper ceremonies and themselves cultivate the way. Following the precedent set by his own father, King Taejong abdicated the throne, passing power to his son during his own lifetime, thus helping to ensure the continuation of the reign of Yi kings after his death. Kim Min-jae (Shin Ha-kyun), is a brilliant general who's distinguished himself by protecting the borders of the recently established Joseon dynasty. Wang would be the father of 25 sons and nine daughters. Although not found in the more orthodox Samguk Sagi, the Samguk Yusa says that Chadae soon killed both of Taejo's sons, and that the subsequent king Sindae, younger half-brother to Taejo and Chadae, killed both of his brothers in 165. Buddhism was the most important and practised religion, as it had been for centuries in Korea, and this is evidenced by Wang's sponsorship of many temple building projects, including ten new Buddhist temples at the capital. Study the ancient kings of China and keep the classic 'No Complacency' as your motto. Hyejong of Goryeo 고려 혜종 高麗 惠宗 Wang Mu King of Goryeo Reign5 July 943 – 23 October 945 PredecessorTaejo of Goryeo SuccessorJeongjong of Goryeo Born912 Naju, Taebong Died23 October 945 Gaegyeong, Kingdom of Goryeo Burial Sunreung Royal Tomb SpouseQueen Uihwa Posthumous name 인덕명효선현고평경헌의공대왕 HouseHouse of Wang FatherTa… In 1418, King Taejong decided it was time to choose his successor to the Choson throne. The Liao dynasty sent 30 envoys with 50 camels as a gift in 942, but Wang Geon exiled the envoys and starved the camels under a bridge in retribution for Balhae, despite the major diplomatic repercussions. In his eyes, Taejo saw his son who became the king, Taejong, as a political enemy who killed his most trusted people. One of his first acts as king was to abolish the privilege enjoyed by the upper echel… Relations with China were peaceful; the Later Tang dynasty recognised Wang as the ruler of Korea in 932 CE, and there was continued trade and cultural exchange, especially with the rise of the Song dynasty during the reign of Wang's immediate successors, starting with his son Mu (King Hyejong) and then Mu's brother Jeongjong. Taejo had six sons by his first wife, Sineui from the Han clan, who died before he took the throne, and was posthumously awarded the title 'Queen', and two from his second, Queen Sindeok, from the Kang clan. The Unified Silla Kingdom (668- 935 CE) had held sway over the Korean peninsula for three centuries, but the state was in a slow decline.
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